The Spanish encountered guaiacum wood "when they conquered Santo Domingo it was soon brought back to Europe, where it acquired an immense reputation in the sixteenth century as a cure for syphilis and certain other diseases." Similar medicines derived from the guaiac tree were in use as a generic remedy by American indigenous peoples when explorers reached North America in the 16th century. Thus, it may increase the efficiency of the cough reflex and facilitate removal of the secretions. It may aid in the flow of respiratory tract secretions, allowing ciliary movement to carry the loosened secretions upward toward the pharynx. Guaifenesin is thought to act as an expectorant by increasing the volume and reducing the viscosity of secretions in the trachea and bronchi. It is also combined with ephedrine in Primatene and Bronkaid tablets for symptomatic relief of asthma.Īlthough generally well-tolerated, side-effects of guaifenesin may include an allergic reaction (rare), nausea, vomiting, dizziness or headache. Guaifenesin is used to try to help with coughing up thick mucus, and is sometimes combined with the antitussive (cough suppressant) dextromethorphan, such as in Mucinex DM or Robitussin DM. In 2020, it was the 324th-most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 800,000 prescriptions. It is available as a generic medication and over the counter. Guaifenesin has been used medically since at least 1933. It is believed to work by making airway secretions more liquid. While it has not been properly studied in pregnancy, it appears to be safe. Side effects may include dizziness, sleepiness, skin rash, and nausea. A 2014 study found that guaifenesin has no effect on sputum production or clearance in upper respiratory infections. It may be used in combination with other medications. Chemically, it is an ether of guaiacol and glycerine. Guaifenesin, also known as glyceryl guaiacolate, is an expectorant medication taken by mouth and marketed as an aid to eliminate sputum from the respiratory tract.
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